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EMBODIED INTELLIGENCE / 08 POSTS

Physical AI

New research: robot recovery, data interfaces and executable motion →

From coordinate frames to robot foundation models. A connected study and interview-preparation path with diagrams, equations, worked examples and evidence-based project checkpoints.

These are original learning exercises, not company interview reports. Reading supports preparation; hiring depends on practical skills and role fit. Articles and diagrams work without uploads. Proposed robot-training experiments require your own simulation or hardware environment.

Choose a role, then build evidence

Robot Learning / VLA · 1 → 4 → 5 → 6 → 7 → 8. Deliver a dataset audit, baseline and ablation report.

Perception / Controls · 1 → 2 → 3 → 8. Deliver calibration, estimation and disturbance-response tests.

Robotics Infrastructure · 2 → 3 → 6 → 8. Deliver timestamp contracts, action adapters and latency/failure dashboards.

  1. 1

    01 · Frames, transformations and robot kinematics

    Translate a camera observation into a robot command without losing frame, unit or rotation conventions.

    Prerequisites: Vectors, matrix multiplication, radians.

    Read post & exercises →
  2. 2

    02 · Perception, state estimation and time

    Understand why a sharp image can still produce a stale, uncertain control state.

    Prerequisites: Frames, probability and covariance.

    Read post & exercises →
  3. 3

    03 · Feedback control and receding-horizon planning

    Connect learned actions to stable feedback and constrained execution.

    Prerequisites: Dynamics, derivatives and linear algebra.

    Read post & exercises →
  4. 4

    04 · Demonstrations, behavior cloning and ACT

    Design a demonstration dataset and explain why action chunks help without hiding distribution shift.

    Prerequisites: Supervised learning, sequence models and control frequency.

    Read post & exercises →
  5. 5

    05 · Diffusion Policy and multimodal actions

    Explain why averaging demonstrations can fail and how conditional denoising represents alternatives.

    Prerequisites: Behavior cloning, Gaussian noise and sequence prediction.

    Read post & exercises →
  6. 6

    06 · OpenVLA: vision, language and action interfaces

    Trace a language-conditioned robot policy through action encoding, normalization and embodiment.

    Prerequisites: Transformers, imitation learning and robot frames.

    Read post & exercises →
  7. 7

    07 · π₀ and continuous action flow matching

    Distinguish token prediction, diffusion noise prediction and a continuous velocity field.

    Prerequisites: VLA interfaces, differential equations and conditional generation.

    Read post & exercises →
  8. 8

    08 · Robot RL, sim-to-real and deployment evidence

    Design rewards and evaluations that reveal failure before making claims about real robots.

    Prerequisites: MDPs, PPO, control constraints and statistical evaluation.

    Read post & exercises →

Interview readiness: demonstrate, do not memorize

For every topic: derive the key equation without notes, reproduce the numeric example, implement one bounded test, and explain a failure. Score each dimension 0 (not yet), 1 (with help), or 2 (independently). A high self-score is a practice signal, not a hiring prediction.

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